Pipe or Calumet

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The pipe, or calumet, is depicted on winter counts to indicate important decisions, such as naming a leader, going to war, or making peace.

Pipes are depicted in the Hunkpapa winter count for the years 1798, 1803, and 1846. They are depicted in Lone-Dog's winter count for the years 1804-'05, 1842-'43, 1851-'52, 1852-'53, and 1856-'57.

 

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